Nebulizer is commonly used in acute asthma and prophylactic treatment. It is also used along with long term bronchodilator in the treatment of chronic airflow obstruction, antibiotic therapy for cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis and symptom relief in palliative care.

A nebulizer converts drug solution into a continuous fine aerosol mist, normally 1-5 microns in size which can be inhaled directly into the lungs via a mouthpiece or face mask.

For patients who are too ill, short of breath, or otherwise unable to use hand-held inhalers, nebulizer offer the convenience that patient can self-administer the drug therapy at home.